[ Volcano ] File - ka.txt

ka.txt

Keep-Alive Message

This is a Keep-Alive message to continue this Yahoo! Groups email list through slow messaging periods.

000.





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[ Volcano ]


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[californiadisasters] File - Abbreviations & Meanings

Here is a list of internet abreviations and their meanings which will help you to better understand what others are saying and will give you some abreviated options for commonly used expressions and terms.

AAR At any rate
AAR can also mean "After Action Report", used in emergency management fields
AAS Alive and smiling
ADN Any day now
AEAP As early as possible
AFAIK As far as I know
AFK Away from keyboard
AISB As it should be
AOTA All of the above
ASAP As soon as possible
AWOL Absent Without Leave
B4 Before
B4N Bye for now
BAK Back at keyboard
BAU Business as usual
BBIAF Be back in a few
BBIAM Be back in a minute
BBL Be back later
BC Because or variously, Battalion Chief
BCNU Be seein' you
BFN Bye for now
BOL Best of luck
BRB Be right back
BTA But then again
BTW By the way
CHAOS Chief Has Arrived On Scene
CMIIW Correct me if I'm wrong
CMON Come one
CT CalTrans (California Department of Transportation)
CU See you
CUA See you around
CUL See you later
CUL8R See you later
CWYL Chat with you later
CYO See you online
DC Division Chief
DEGT Don't even go there
DIKU Do I know you?
DQMOT Don't quote me on this
DTS Don't think so
EM Emergency Management
EMA E-mail address
EOM End of message
F2F Face to face
FISH First in, still here
FAMCL Falling of my chair laughing
FC Fire Captain
FD Fire Department
FITB Fill in the blank
FM Fire Marshall
FUBAR Fudged Up Beyond All Recognition
FWIW For what it's worth
FYI For your information
GA Go ahead
GAL Get a life
GB Goodbye
GFI Go for it
GG Gotta Go
GIAR Give it a rest
GMTA Great minds think alike
GOL Giggling out loud
GR&D Grinning, running and ducking
GTRM Going to read mail
HAGN Have a good night
HAGO Have a good one
HHIS Head hanging in shame
HRU How are you?
HTH Hope this helps
IAC In any case
IAP Incident Action Plan
IB I'm back
IC I see, or variously Incident Command
ICP Incident Command Post
ICBW It could be worse
ICS Incident Command System
ICT Incident Command Team (CALFIRE term)
IDK I don't know
IDTS I don't think so
IIRC If I remember correctly
ILU I love you
ILY I love you
IM Instant message
IMHO In my humble opinion
IMNSHO In my not so humble opinion
IMO In my opinion
IMT Incident Management Team (USFS term)
INAL I'm not a lawyer
IOW In other words
IRMC I rest my case
ITA I totally agree
IUSS If you say so
IYKWIM If you know what I mean
IYO In your opinion
IYSS If you say so
JAC Just a sec
JIK Just in case
JJA Just joking around
JK Just kidding
KOTC Kiss on the cheek
KNIM Know what I mean?
L8R Later
LD Later, dude
LE Law Enforcement
LEO Law Enforcement Officer
LMAO Laughing my a** off
LOL Laughing out loud
LTM Laugh to myself
LTNS Long time no see
MorF Male or female?
MUSM Miss you so much
NBD No big deal
NIMBY Not in my back yard
NMH Not much here
NOYB None of your business
NN Night-Night
NP No problem
NRN No response necessary
NW No way
OIC Oh, I see
OEM Office Of Emergency Management
OES Office of Emergency Services
OMG Oh my God
OO Over and out
OOTD One of these days
OTOH On the other hand
OTTOMH Off the top of my head
PD Police Department
PDQ Pretty darn quick
PLMK Please let me know
PIMP Peeing in my pants
PMFI Pardon me for interrupting
PMFJI Pardon me for jumping in
POAHF Put on a happy face
PTL Praise the Lord
PXT Please explain that
PU That stinks!
RL Real life
RME Rolling my eyes
ROTFL Rolling on the floor laughing
RSN Real soon now
SMHID Scratching my head in disbelief
SNAFU Situation Normal ~ All Fudged Up
SO Sheriff's Office
SOMY Sick of me yet?
SOS Same Old Shtuff
SOTMG Short of time, must go
SPST Same place, same time
SSDD Same stuff, different day
ST or S/T Strike Team
STW Search the Web
SUITM See you in the morning
SUL See you later
SUP What's up?
SYL See you later
TAFN That's all for now
TAM Tomorrow a.m.
TC Take care
THX Thanks
TIA Thanks in advance
TLK2UL8R Talk to you later
TMI Too much information
TMWFI Take my word for it
TPM Tomorrow p.m.
TPTB The powers that be
TSDMF Tears streaming down my face
TTFN Ta ta for now
TTTT These things take time
TTYL Talk to you later
TTYS Talk to you soon
TU Thank you
TY Thank you
TYT Take your time
TYVM Thank you very much
UGTBK You've got to be kidding
UW You're welcome
WAM Wait a minute
WAYF Where are you from?
WB Welcome back
WIIFM What's in it for me?
WTC World Trade Center
WTG Way to go
WTH What the heck?
WTSHTF When the s*** hits the fan
WU? What's up?
WUF? Where are you from?
WWJD What would Jesus do?
WWYC Write when you can
WYSIWYG What you see is what you get
YBS You'll be sorry
YGBKM You gotta be kidding me
YW You're welcome


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[californiadisasters] File - Too Many Messages?

This group frequently has a HIGH MESSAGE VOLUME during major incidents.

If you feel you are getting too many messages, you can change your settings to receive less mail. Instead of receiving Individual Email, you can choose one of the following options:


Daily Digest:
This is the option to choose if you want to see all messages but limit the amount of email you receive. Yahoo will compile up to 25 group messages and send it in a single email to your inbox.
How to do this:
Go to <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters/join>
Under "Step 2. Message Delivery", select "Daily Digest". Scroll down and hit "Save Changes".


Special Notices:
You will not receive group emails except infrequent, important notices from the group moderators. You can still check the group messages on the group home page if you like but will not get them sent to your inbox.
Go to <http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters/join>
Under "Step 2. Message Delivery", select "Special Notices". Scroll down and hit "Save Changes".

NOTE: Please do NOT select "Web Only"-- we want to be able to reach you via Special Notice when there are important notifications.

If you have any questions, you can contact the moderators by sending an email to <californiadisasters-owner@yahoogroups.com> and we will be happy to assist you.


Thanks!

The Moderating Team



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[californiadisasters] File - California Disasters DISCUSSION GROUP

Extended discussion threads, chit-chat with other group members or slightly off-topic messages should be posted to the California Disasters DISCUSSION group, which can be found here:
http://groups.yahoo.com/group/californiadisasters_discussion/
All members are urged to join this sister-group and use it to post messages that are not relevant to the purpose of the main list.

Thank you,
Moderator


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[Geology2] File - Rules

Attention Group!


Rule #1 is Rule #1 on all Yahoo groups: NEVER argue with a list-owner or list-moderator! This group is a benevolent dictatorship, NOT a democracy.

Rule #2 is to FOLLOW THE GOLDEN RULE: act as you wish others to act and treat others as you would like to be treated. Failure to follow the Golden Rule will result in our not following the Golden Rule with whomever breaks said Rule.

Rule #3 is there will be ABSOLUTELY NO spamming, trolling, flaming, whining, agitating, cussing or any other anti-social behavior. Violate this rule at the peril of your group membership!

Rule #4 is this group is a POLITICS-FREE and RELIGION-FREE zone. We'll impeach/excommunicate anybody who transgresses!

Rule #5 is STAY ON-TOPIC. We allow for a little bit of flexibility but don't force us to play the heavy and have to clamp down on this behavior.

Rule #6 is AVOID IDLE ON-LIST CHIT-CHAT. Remember there are hundreds of folks on this list and thus keep your posts focused on matters that might interest/edify the group as a whole.

Rule #7 is TRIM YOUR POSTS of excess lineage. Preferably only include the previous message you are responding to if you are indeed responding to previous post(s).

Rule #8 is bring any concerns or complaints you have about anything directly to the list-owners/list-moderators via an OFF-LIST message and DO NOT EVER take matters into your own hands in our stead!

Rule #9 is IF IN DOUBT ... DON'T! If you feel posting a particular remark or item could be a problem then don't do it at all or not until you ask us FIRST!

Rule #10 is USE EMOTICONS! Doing this will cut down on misunderstandings as email is not the best way for human beings to communicate as much nuanced communication such as facial expressions and voice tone are absent in this medium.

Rule #11 is give proper attribution to other groups if you forward to this group any information or a post from another group in part or in whole. It's the courteous thing to do!



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[Geology2] M=3.5 earthquake strikes near creeping San Andreas and Calaveras Faults

M=3.5 earthquake strikes near creeping San Andreas and Calaveras Faults

Posted on January 31, 2017

By David Jacobson, Temblor

The San Andreas Fault cuts through DeRose Winery in Hollister, CA. The resulting creep (steady slip) has progressively offset this culvert over the past 30 years. (Photo from geologycafe.com)

 

At 9:35 p.m. local time last night (January 30), a small M=3.5 earthquake shook the city of Hollister, CA, and was felt as far away as Santa Cruz and Monterey. According to the USGS ShakeMap, only light shaking was felt, and around 300 people recorded feeling the quake on the USGS website.

This earthquake occurred between the creeping sections of the San Andreas and Calaveras faults. The fact that they are creeping means that there is very slow continuous motion along the faults. Areas such as this do not tend to have large earthquakes as stress does not build up as much as it does on locked sections.

Even though this earthquake occurred close to the San Andreas and Calaveras faults, based its focal mechanism, it appears to have occurred along a secondary fault. We would expect an earthquake on either the San Andreas or Calaveras faults to have almost pure strike-slip motion. While this quake was primarily strike-slip, it did also have a large component of extensional motion. Nonetheless, because of its location, it merits a closer look.

Because this earthquake occurred in the creeping section of two major faults, we thought we'd check to see if this could be part of a larger creeping event. However, the closest GPS station to the epicenter did not pick up any movement. Therefore, we believe this was an isolated event not associated with larger movement. Having said that, we will monitor the area and if there are more earthquakes in the section, we will be sure to update the situation.

This Temblor map shows that the epicenter of the M=3.5 earthquake on January 30 has a Temblor Hazard Rank of 99. This means the area is extremely susceptible to shaking. This is due to the convergence of the San Andreas and Calaveras faults.

 

The exact location of this earthquake has a Temblor Hazard Rank of 99. This means it is one of the most earthquake-prone areas in the country, and has a high likelihood of experiencing strong shaking. So, a small quake here is not a surprising event, and residents of the area are accustomed to shaking.

http://temblor.net/earthquake-insights/m3-5-earthquake-strikes-near-creeping-san-andreas-and-calaveras-faults-2325/
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[Geology2] Prediction of large earthquake probability improved

Prediction of large earthquake probability improved

Date:

January 30, 2017

Source:

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona

Summary:

Scientists have developed a mathematical law to explain the size distribution of earthquakes, even in the cases of large-scale earthquakes such as those which occurred in Sumatra (2004) and in Japan (2011).

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As part of the "Research in Collaborative Mathematics" project run by the Obra Social "la Caixa," researchers of the Mathematics Research Centre (CRM) and the UAB have developed a mathematical law to explain the size distribution of earthquakes, even in the cases of large-scale earthquakes such as those which occurred in Sumatra (2004) and in Japan (2011).

The probability of an earthquake occurring exponentially decreases as its magnitude value increases. Fortunately, mild earthquakes are more probable than devastatingly large ones. This relation between probability and earthquake magnitude follows a mathematical curve called the Gutenberg-Richter law, and helps seismologists predict the probabilities of an earthquake of a specific magnitude occurring in some part of the planet.

The law however lacks the necessary tools to describe extreme situations. For example, although the probability of an earthquake being of the magnitude of 12 is zero, since technically this would imply the earth breaking in half, the mathematics of the Gutenberg-Richter law do not consider impossible a 14-magnitude earthquake.

"The limitations of the law are determined by the fact that the Earth is finite, and the law describes ideal systems, in a planet with an infinite surface," explains Isabel Serra, first author of the article, researcher at CRM and affiliate lecturer of the UAB Department of Mathematics.

To overcome these shortages, researchers studied a small modification in the Gutenberg-Richter law, a term which modified the curve precisely in the area in which probabilities were the smallest. "This modification has important practical effects when estimating the risks or evaluating possible economic losses. Preparing for a catastrophe where the losses could be, in the worst of the cases, very high in value, is not the same as not being able to calculate an estimated maximum value," clarifies co-author Álvaro Corral, researcher at the Mathematics Research Centre and the UAB Department of Mathematics.

Obtaining the mathematical curve which best fits the registered data on earthquakes is not an easy task when dealing with large tremors. From 1950 to 2003 there were only seven earthquakes measuring higher than 8.5 on the Richter scale and since 2004 there have only been six. Although we are now in a more active period following the Sumatra earthquake, there are very few cases and that makes it statistically a poorer period. Thus, the mathematical treatment of the problem becomes much more complex than when there is an abundance of data. For Corral, "this is where the role of mathematics is fundamental to complement the research of seismologists and guarantee the accuracy of the studies." According to the researcher, the approach currently used to analyse seismic risk is not fully correct and, in fact, there are many risk maps which are downright incorrect, "which is what happened with the Tohoku earthquake of 2011, where the area contained an under-dimensioned risk." "Our approach has corrected some things, but we are still far from being able to give correct results in specific regions," Corral continues.

The mathematical expression of the law at the seismic moment, proposed by Serra and Corral, meets all the conditions needed to determine both the probability of smaller earthquakes and of large ones, by adjusting itself to the most recent and extreme cases of Tohoku, in Japan (2011) and Sumatra, in Indonesia (2004); as well as to determine negligible probabilities for earthquakes of disproportionate magnitudes.

The derived Gutenberg-Richter law has also been used to begin to explore its applications in the financial world. Isabel Serra worked in this field before beginning to study earthquakes mathematically. "The risk assessment of a firm's economic losses is a subject insurance companies take very seriously, and the behaviour is similar: the probability of suffering losses decreases in accordance with the increase in volume of losses, according to a law that is similar to that of Gutenberg-Richter, but there are limit values which these laws do not take into consideration, since no matter how big the amount, the probability of losses of that amount never results in zero" Serra explains. "That makes the 'expected value of losses' enormous. To solve this, changes would have to be made to the law similar to those we introduced to the law on earthquakes."

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Story Source:

Materials provided by Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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Journal Reference:

1. Isabel Serra, Álvaro Corral. Deviation from power law of the global seismic moment distribution. Scientific Reports, 2017; 7: 40045 DOI: 10.1038/srep40045

Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. "Prediction of large earthquake probability improved." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 30 January 2017. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2017/01/170130100131.htm>.

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