Friday, August 31, 2012

[californiadisasters] [LAFD] Are You Prepared For A Natural Disaster





Sent from my iPhone

Begin forwarded message:

From: lafd listmaster <lafdlistmaster@lacity.org>
Date: August 31, 2012 5:05:12 PM PDT
To: undisclosed-recipients:;
Subject: [LAFD] Are You Prepared For A Natural Disaster

 

Dear Friend of the LAFD,

In honor of September being National Disaster Preparedness Month, the Los Angeles Fire Department is offering free emergency preparedness drills to help everyone prepare for a natural disaster. 

The LAFD in coordination with your Community Emergency Response Team (CERT) Program is providing information and demonstrations on four Sundays in September that will make all the difference for you and your family.

The first thing anyone has to learn is how to take care of their family when disaster strikes. That's why this all-important informational event is one that everyone should attend. You will learn the following topics.
  • What to do during and after a disaster.
  • What food, water and supplies you must have on hand.
  • How to plan and practice an evacuation.
  • What to take and what to leave behind.
  • Emergency numbers you MUST have.
Congresswoman Bass of the 33rd District, Members of The Los Angeles City Council, The Los Angeles City Fire Commission and Fire Chief Brian L. Cummings invite you to attend the Main Event, kicking off a 4-part series of disaster preparedness drills in during the month of September:

Family Emergency Planning
Sunday, September 2, 2012, 10:00 am – 11:30 am
Cheviot Hills Recreation Center, 2551 Motor Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90064

We hope you can join us for these additional upcomming events:
  • September 9th, Damage Assessment and Reporting.
  • September 16th, Light Search and Rescue.
  • September 23rd, Triage Victim Handling and Medical Treatment.

 

Submitted by Erik Scott, Spokesman 

"Serving with Courage, Integrity and Pride"

Public Service Officer
Emergency Public Information (EPI) Center 
Los Angeles Fire Department
500 East Temple Street
Los Angeles, CA 90012
213.576.8938

Home Page:  LAFD.org 
News & Info: LAFD.org/blog

Do You Follow the LAFD on Social Media?

 @LAFD (breaking news)
 @LAFDtalk (conversation & casual inquiries)
 @LAFDFireChief (the Fire Chief's personal thoughts)




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[Geology2] More Info on the Philippines Quake




Strong offshore quake kills 1 in the Philippines

By Joe Sterling, CNN
August 31, 2012 -- Updated 1913 GMT (0313 HKT)
The 7.6-magnitude quake, which was about 20 miles deep, struck just before 8:50 p.m., authorities said.
The 7.6-magnitude quake, which was about 20 miles deep, struck just before 8:50 p.m., authorities said.
STORY HIGHLIGHTS
  • NEW: Damage is reported to houses and bridges
  • The quake struck on Friday night
  • At least one person has died as a result of the earthquake
  • Tsunami waves ranging from an inch to a foot and a half were reported

Manila, Philippines (CNN) -- A major earthquake offshore of the Philippines sent people scrambling toward higher ground, generated a small tsunami and killed at least one person Friday, authorities said.

The 7.6-magnitude quake struck Friday evening, with its epicenter about 65 miles southeast of the coastal town of Guiuan, in the Philippine province of Eastern Samar, the U.S. Geological Survey said. It was about 20 miles deep.

Tsunami waves ranging from 6 to 7 inches to a foot and a half were recorded in the province of Surigao del Norte, with waves of an inch reported near the cities of Davao and Legaspi, the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council said.

Those waves did no known damage, but the earthquake triggered a landslide that killed one person and injured another, the council said.

"The quake occurred amid a strong rain, so the earth shook loose and there was a landslide," the country's civil defense chief, Benito Ramos, said, The Manila Times reported.

The quake was centered in the Marianas Trench in the western Pacific Ocean and was felt in the country's east, said Aimee Menguilla, a spokeswoman for the council.

Ed Serrano, the head of security at the Marco Polo Hotel in the city of Davao, about 250 miles south of Guiuan, said he felt the ground shake.

"The hotel guests were panicking," he said. "Most of them went outside."

Marie Elairon, working at the front desk at Hotel Dona Vicenta in the city of Borongan, said some people headed to mountainous areas and others took shelter in a church.

The Pacific Tsunami Warning Center said tsunami waves were possible in a vast arc of the Pacific, but the alerts were soon canceled. The Philippines canceled an advisory urging people to evacuate early Saturday.

Ricky Carandang, President Benigno Aquino's press secretary, said there has been minor damage to roads in six provinces authorities were monitoring: Eastern and Northern Samar, Leyte, Southern Leyte, Surigao del Norte, Surigao del Sur. The government also reported damage to bridges and houses.

Paul Earle, a U.S. Geological Survey seismologist, said the quake was "fairly far off the coast, so it likely won't cause severe shaking damage." But, he said, an earthquake "this large could cause a lot of damage" if it were inland.

The U.S. Geological Survey initially said the quake had a magnitude of 7.9 but later revised that figure.

http://edition.cnn.com/2012/08/31/world/asia/philippines-earthquake/index.html

~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~

Philippines Earthquake Tsunami Alert Explained

The large earthquake near the Philippines sparked tsunami warnings across a large swath of the neighboring Pacific region, yet those warnings were canceled not long after.


Fri Aug 31, 2012
Content provided by Andrea Mustain, OurAmazingPlanet
philippines-earthquake-map

A map shows where the earthquake hit and what regions may have felt shaking. Click to enlarge this image.
USGS

The large earthquake that struck off the eastern coast of the Philippines today (Aug. 31) at 8:47 p.m. local time sparked tsunami warnings across a large swath of the neighboring Pacific region, yet those warnings were canceled not long after.

The magnitude-7.6 earthquake hit about 58 miles (63 kilometers) from shore along a tectonic boundary known as a subduction zone, where an oceanic plate is diving beneath a continental plate.

Earlier reports put the quake's magnitude at 7.9, but after more data from global networks of seismometers arrived, officials at the U.S. Geological Survey downgraded the magnitude to 7.6.

"There's a significant difference, but they're both really big earthquakes that can generate tsunamis, and if they occur on land they can kill lots of people," said Paul Caruso, a geophysicist with the U.S. Geological Survey in Golden, Colo.

In this case, the oceanic Philippine plate shoved deeper below the Sunda plate, a continental plate home to the Philippines, and portions of Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam.

The quake ruptured at a depth of about 22 miles (35 km). That's fairly shallow, Caruso said, and shallower earthquakes are more likely to cause tsunamis.

"When you get a really deep quake, a lot of the energy is absorbed before it reaches the seafloor, and what causes a tsunami is the seafloor being pushed up," he told OurAmazingPlanet.

However, tsunami warnings that were in effect for the Philippines, Indonesia and Belau were cancelled by the Pacific Tsunami Warning Center in Hawaii at around 11 a.m. ET.

So-called subduction quakes — those that occur when an oceanic plate suddenly jolts deeper beneath a continental plate — are the most powerful type of earthquakes that occur on our planet.

They're also very good at shoving the seafloor, and the sheer area of the seafloor that is thrust upward — the length of the rupture, and its horizontal and vertical displacement —  determines the size of the tsunami that follows.

Data from sensors in the ocean near the site of the quake indicate a tsunami was generated, and waves are coming between 10 and 14 minutes apart, but it appears the waves aren't packing so much energy that they'll take a significant toll once they reach land.

In deep water, tsunami waves appear small, and only reach a massive size once they make it into shallower waters close to shore.

So, although today's quake was a significant one, it appears it didn't move the seafloor enough to cause a large tsunami.

However, Caruso warned that earthquakes can also trigger undersea landslides, which can, in turn, cause tsunamis.

It appears the earthquake has caused at least one death after a house collapsed, and Philippine authorities are warning residents to remain vigilant, in case any further earthquakes occur, the AP reported.

The tectonic region that ruptured today has a long history of shallow, strong earthquakes.

http://news.discovery.com/earth/tsunami-alert-explained-120831.html#mkcpgn=rssnws1
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RE: [californiadisasters] Reservists now a resource in disasters



It's why I joined. Still waiting for the call....


To: californiadisasters@yahoogroups.com
From: mesondk@yahoo.com
Date: Fri, 31 Aug 2012 15:24:50 +0000
Subject: [californiadisasters] Reservists now a resource in disasters

 
BELLEVUE, Wash. -- As hurricane season arrives, governors have a new resource to call upon in the event of a major disaster: military reservists.
Historically, there's been no mechanism under federal law to order reservists to duty in response to a domestic emergency except in limited circumstances. But the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act changed that, giving governors, who already can mobilize National Guard troops, the ability to request the help of the nation's 380,000 reservists in the event of a hurricane, earthquake, flood, terrorist attack or other disaster.

The goal is for the reservists to be ready to help within three days, Maj. Gen. Luis Visot, the Army Reserve's deputy commanding general for operations, told government and business officials at a disaster response conference in Bellevue on Thursday.
"In any kind of disaster, the governor of the state will first and foremost utilize their resources," Visot said. "But we can out and help and get authorized to do it. ... It's all about thinking about the capabilities that are available to you. If there's a need, you can have access to it."




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[californiadisasters] Reservists now a resource in disasters

BELLEVUE, Wash. -- As hurricane season arrives, governors have a new resource to call upon in the event of a major disaster: military reservists.
Historically, there's been no mechanism under federal law to order reservists to duty in response to a domestic emergency except in limited circumstances. But the 2012 National Defense Authorization Act changed that, giving governors, who already can mobilize National Guard troops, the ability to request the help of the nation's 380,000 reservists in the event of a hurricane, earthquake, flood, terrorist attack or other disaster.

The goal is for the reservists to be ready to help within three days, Maj. Gen. Luis Visot, the Army Reserve's deputy commanding general for operations, told government and business officials at a disaster response conference in Bellevue on Thursday.
"In any kind of disaster, the governor of the state will first and foremost utilize their resources," Visot said. "But we can out and help and get authorized to do it. ... It's all about thinking about the capabilities that are available to you. If there's a need, you can have access to it."



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[Geology2] Fwd: [Tsunami Message - IOC] Fixed Regional Warning - Cancellation



Quake downgraded to 7.6 from 7.9

Begin forwarded message:

... TSUNAMI WARNING CANCELLATION ...

THE TSUNAMI WARNING AND/OR WATCH ISSUED BY THE PACIFIC TSUNAMI
WARNING CENTER IS NOW CANCELLED FOR

INDONESIA / PHILIPPINES / BELAU



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[Geology2] 7.9 Quake! Mapped







* iPad Email *




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[Geology2] Fwd: [Tsunami Message - IOC] Expanding Regional Warning - Initial



Really big quake!   7.9

* iPad Email *



Begin forwarded message:

From: tsunami-information-ioc@lists.unesco.org
Date: August 31, 2012 8:55:31 AM EDT


TSUNAMI BULLETIN NUMBER 001
PACIFIC TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER/NOAA/NWS
ISSUED AT 1255Z 31 AUG 2012

THIS BULLETIN APPLIES TO AREAS WITHIN AND BORDERING THE PACIFIC
OCEAN AND ADJACENT SEAS...EXCEPT ALASKA...BRITISH COLUMBIA...
WASHINGTON...OREGON AND CALIFORNIA.

... A TSUNAMI WARNING AND WATCH ARE IN EFFECT ...

A TSUNAMI WARNING IS IN EFFECT FOR

INDONESIA / PHILIPPINES / BELAU / YAP / TAIWAN / JAPAN / GUAM /
N. MARIANAS / PAPUA NEW GUINEA


A TSUNAMI WATCH IS IN EFFECT FOR

CHUUK / MARCUS IS. / KOSRAE / POHNPEI / MARSHALL IS. /
WAKE IS. / SOLOMON IS. / RUSSIA / NAURU


FOR ALL OTHER AREAS COVERED BY THIS BULLETIN... IT IS FOR
INFORMATION ONLY AT THIS TIME.

THIS BULLETIN IS ISSUED AS ADVICE TO GOVERNMENT AGENCIES.  ONLY
NATIONAL AND LOCAL GOVERNMENT AGENCIES HAVE THE AUTHORITY TO MAKE
DECISIONS REGARDING THE OFFICIAL STATE OF ALERT IN THEIR AREA AND
ANY ACTIONS TO BE TAKEN IN RESPONSE.

AN EARTHQUAKE HAS OCCURRED WITH THESE PRELIMINARY PARAMETERS

ORIGIN TIME -  1248Z 31 AUG 2012
COORDINATES -  10.9 NORTH  127.1 EAST
DEPTH       -   33 KM
LOCATION    -  PHILIPPINE ISLANDS REGION
MAGNITUDE   -  7.9

EVALUATION

IT IS NOT KNOWN THAT A TSUNAMI WAS GENERATED. THIS WARNING IS
BASED ONLY ON THE EARTHQUAKE EVALUATION. AN EARTHQUAKE OF THIS
SIZE HAS THE POTENTIAL TO GENERATE A DESTRUCTIVE TSUNAMI THAT CAN
STRIKE COASTLINES NEAR THE EPICENTER WITHIN MINUTES AND MORE
DISTANT COASTLINES WITHIN HOURS. AUTHORITIES SHOULD TAKE
APPROPRIATE ACTION IN RESPONSE TO THIS POSSIBILITY. THIS CENTER
WILL MONITOR SEA LEVEL DATA FROM GAUGES NEAR THE EARTHQUAKE TO
DETERMINE IF A TSUNAMI WAS GENERATED AND ESTIMATE THE SEVERITY OF
THE THREAT.

ESTIMATED INITIAL TSUNAMI WAVE ARRIVAL TIMES AT FORECAST POINTS
WITHIN THE WARNING AND WATCH AREAS ARE GIVEN BELOW. ACTUAL
ARRIVAL TIMES MAY DIFFER AND THE INITIAL WAVE MAY NOT BE THE
LARGEST. A TSUNAMI IS A SERIES OF WAVES AND THE TIME BETWEEN
SUCCESSIVE WAVES CAN BE FIVE MINUTES TO ONE HOUR.

LOCATION         FORECAST POINT     COORDINATES     ARRIVAL TIME
--------------------------------    ------------    ------------
INDONESIA        GEME                4.6N 126.8E    1335Z 31 AUG
                 BEREBERE            2.5N 128.7E    1353Z 31 AUG
                 PATANI              0.4N 128.8E    1419Z 31 AUG
                 SORONG              0.8S 131.1E    1438Z 31 AUG
                 MANOKWARI           0.8S 134.2E    1447Z 31 AUG
                 WARSA               0.6S 135.8E    1450Z 31 AUG
                 JAYAPURA            2.4S 140.8E    1538Z 31 AUG
PHILIPPINES      LEGASPI            13.2N 123.8E    1338Z 31 AUG
                 DAVAO               6.8N 125.7E    1340Z 31 AUG
                 PALANAN            17.1N 122.6E    1353Z 31 AUG
BELAU            MALAKAL             7.3N 134.5E    1407Z 31 AUG
YAP              YAP_IS.             9.5N 138.1E    1417Z 31 AUG
TAIWAN           TAITUNG            22.7N 121.2E    1441Z 31 AUG
                 HUALIEN            24.0N 121.7E    1446Z 31 AUG
                 HUALIEN            24.0N 121.6E    1446Z 31 AUG
                 CHILUNG            25.2N 121.8E    1524Z 31 AUG
JAPAN            OKINAWA            26.2N 127.8E    1502Z 31 AUG
                 SHIMIZU            32.8N 133.0E    1605Z 31 AUG
                 KATSUURA           35.1N 140.3E    1646Z 31 AUG
                 KUSHIRO            42.9N 144.3E    1746Z 31 AUG
                 HACHINOHE          40.5N 141.5E    1753Z 31 AUG
GUAM             GUAM               13.4N 144.7E    1517Z 31 AUG
N. MARIANAS      SAIPAN             15.3N 145.8E    1533Z 31 AUG
PAPUA NEW GUINE  VANIMO              2.6S 141.3E    1539Z 31 AUG
                 WEWAK               3.5S 143.6E    1611Z 31 AUG
                 MANUS_IS.           2.0S 147.5E    1637Z 31 AUG
                 MADANG              5.2S 145.8E    1656Z 31 AUG
                 KAVIENG             2.5S 150.7E    1700Z 31 AUG
                 RABAUL              4.2S 152.3E    1734Z 31 AUG
                 KIETA               6.1S 155.6E    1753Z 31 AUG
                 AMUN                6.0S 154.7E    1806Z 31 AUG
                 LAE                 6.8S 147.0E    1810Z 31 AUG
CHUUK            CHUUK_IS.           7.4N 151.8E    1646Z 31 AUG
MARCUS IS.       MARCUS_IS.         24.3N 154.0E    1649Z 31 AUG
KOSRAE           KOSRAE_IS.          5.5N 163.0E    1740Z 31 AUG
POHNPEI          POHNPEI_IS.         7.0N 158.2E    1744Z 31 AUG
MARSHALL IS.     ENIWETOK           11.4N 162.3E    1756Z 31 AUG
                 KWAJALEIN           8.7N 167.7E    1811Z 31 AUG
                 MAJURO              7.1N 171.4E    1843Z 31 AUG
WAKE IS.         WAKE_IS.           19.3N 166.6E    1757Z 31 AUG
SOLOMON IS.      FALAMAE             7.4S 155.6E    1804Z 31 AUG
                 PANGGOE             6.9S 157.2E    1809Z 31 AUG
                 GHATERE             7.8S 159.2E    1837Z 31 AUG
                 MUNDA               8.4S 157.2E    1854Z 31 AUG
RUSSIA           URUP_IS            46.1N 150.5E    1824Z 31 AUG
NAURU            NAURU               0.5S 166.9E    1843Z 31 AUG

BULLETINS WILL BE ISSUED HOURLY OR SOONER IF CONDITIONS WARRANT.
THE TSUNAMI WARNING AND WATCH WILL REMAIN IN EFFECT UNTIL
FURTHER NOTICE.

THE JAPAN METEOROLOGICAL AGENCY MAY ALSO ISSUE TSUNAMI MESSAGES
FOR THIS EVENT TO COUNTRIES IN THE NORTHWEST PACIFIC AND SOUTH
CHINA SEA REGION.  IN CASE OF CONFLICTING INFORMATION... THE
MORE CONSERVATIVE INFORMATION SHOULD BE USED FOR SAFETY.

THE WEST COAST/ALASKA TSUNAMI WARNING CENTER WILL ISSUE PRODUCTS
FOR ALASKA...BRITISH COLUMBIA...WASHINGTON...OREGON...CALIFORNIA.


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[Volcano_Vista_HS] School Pictures (9th, 10th, & 11th graders)--Sep. 6 & 7, 9/6/2012, 7:30 am



Reminder from:   Volcano_Vista_HS Yahoo! Group
 
Title:   School Pictures (9th, 10th, & 11th graders)--Sep. 6 & 7
 
Date:   Thursday September 6, 2012
Time:   7:30 am - 2:30 pm
Notes:   You may pre-order your pictures online this year. Go to www.mylifetouch.com and enter our school ID code: NM042164Y0. Students will need to bring the printout of their order with them on picture day.
 
Copyright © 2012  Yahoo! Inc. All Rights Reserved | Terms of Service | Privacy Policy


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Thursday, August 30, 2012

[californiadisasters] severe weather, SoCal



Extreme thunderstorm dumping a lot of rain over Beaumont Pass, Redlands, and Moreno Valley.     Radar is showing shades of purple with lightning strikes.

Jason


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[Volcano_Vista_HS] VVHS Announcements--Thursday, August 30, 2012



2012 VVHS Homecoming Court

GIRLS

  • Kayleen  Aragon
  • Ariana Baca
  • Natalie Baxter
  • Emani Curl
  • Emily Fuller
  • Tricia Grajeda
  • Davon Guerrero
  • Makenzie Hamilton
  • Brooke Jorgensen
  • Samantha Lovin
  • Alyssa Lucero
  • Katelyn Walter

BOYS

  • Chris Carrica
  • Zach Castillo
  • Derek Cravens
  • Julian  Encinas
  • Josh Lubold
  • Gage Madrid
  • Parker Moses
  • David Nowlin
  • Lawrence Otero
  • Isaiah Perry
  • Mason Steffensen
  • Dorsett Valdez

There will be a meeting at lunch on Wednesday, September 5th in the Activities Office for all Court members.

Sign-ups for Powderpuff Football begin today at lunch. You must be a senior or a junior with a at least a 2.0 GPA.

Best Buds will meet Friday during lunch in room E102.

On Thursday we will have an Italian National Honor Society meeting in F225, Mrs Bergsten's room. Venite Tutti!!!!

Attention DECA students, we will be holding a brief meeting Friday Morning in Mr. Colburn's room at 7:00.  Please attend if you are available.

Underclassmen pictures will be taken on Wednesday September 5 and Thursday September 6.

  • Freshmen –IMPAC and Health
  • Sophomores-World History
  • Juniors- English

If you do not have one of these classes please stop by the activities office and see Mrs. Weidner. You made go online to www.mylifetouch.com and enter our school ID code: NM042164Y0. Students will need to bring the printout of your order with them on picture day.

The dodgeball semi-finals are taking place today at lunch in the gym. The winners of today's  matches will play for the gold medal at the assembly on Friday.

The DECA snack bar and the Gym snack bar will both be serving enchiladas for $4.00 tomorrow during lunch.

ATHLETICS

  • Congratulations to both of our soccer teams for defeating the Albuquerque Bulldogs last night.
  • Football has their first game tonight at Wilson stadium against the Manzano Monarchs at 7pm. We are the visiting team and will be on the east side of the stadium. The Hawk Band will be performing the pre-game show at 6.
  • Cross Country has their first meet at UNM on Friday evening.

Everyone go out and support the Hawks!

Have a great day
And remember                                                         
As always…
It's great to be a Hawk!



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[Volcano_Vista_HS] VVHS Varsity Football--FIRST GAME TONIGHT



Your Volcano Vista Hawks face the Manzano Monarchs TONIGHT (yes...a Thursday game). We are the visitors at Wilson Stadium. The game begins at 7 PM.

NOTE for future games: Avoid the long lines by buying an APS sports pass in the Freshman Academy Office.



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[Geology2] Petrified Forest National Park, Ariz

http://www.latimes.com/travel/deals/la-trb-offbeat-traveler-unesco-us-20120625,0,7528709.photogallery?index=la-trb-offbeat-traveler-unesco-us-20120625-007
and check out the other Unesco World Heritage site submissions

also these "Bizarre & unusual destinations" http://www.latimes.com/travel/deals/la-tr-oddspots-pg,0,1517806.photogallery


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[Geology2] Rare Find: Feathered Dinosaur Feasted On Flying Food




Holotype of Sinocalliopteryx gigas. (Credit: Xing et al., Abdominal Contents from Two Large Early Cretaceous Compsognathids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Demonstrate Feeding on Confuciusornithids and Dromaeosaurids. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7 (8): e44012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044012)



Rare Find: Feathered Dinosaur Feasted On Flying Food

ScienceDaily (Aug. 29, 2012) — University of Alberta researchers found evidence that a feathered, but flightless dinosaur was able to snag and consume small flying dinosaurs.


The U of A paleontology team found the fossilized remains of three flying dinosaurs in the belly of a raptor-like predator called Sinocalliopteryx. Sinocalliopteryx was about two meters in length and roughly the size of a modern-day wolf.


Sinocalliopteryx's flying meals were three Confuciusornis. Confuciusornis was one of the earliest birds and had a crude version of a modern bird's skeleton and muscles. The researchers say such primitive birds were probably limited to slow take-offs and short flights.

According to the researchers, this is the first time a predator has been linked to the killing of multiple flying dinosaurs.


Scott Persons, a U of A paleontology student and research coauthor, says Sinocalliopteryx may have used stealth to stock the flyers. "Sinocalliopteryx didn't have wings or the physical tools needed to be an adept tree climber," said Persons.


Persons explains Sinocalliopteryx had feathers or hair-like fuzz covering its body creating a level of insulation that helped maintain a warm body temperature and high metabolism that required a lot of food to fuel.


"The fact that this Sinocalliopteryx had, not one, but three undigested birds in its stomach indicate it was a voracious eater and a very active hunter," said Persons.


This find was made in China's Liaoning province, and U of A researchers analyzed stomach contents of a second Sinocalliopteryx fossil discovery from that area. The researchers identified this Sinocalliopteryx's last meal as a Sinornithosaurus, a small feathered meat-eater about the size of a house cat that may have been able to fly or glide short distances.


"Sinornithosaurus is a relative of Velociraptor which means this is the first direct evidence of a raptor becoming another predatory dinosaur's meal," said Persons.



Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of Alberta, via EurekAlert!, a service of AAAS.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Lida Xing, Phil R. Bell, W. Scott Persons, Shuan Ji, Tetsuto Miyashita, Michael E. Burns, Qiang Ji, Philip J. Currie. Abdominal Contents from Two Large Early Cretaceous Compsognathids (Dinosauria: Theropoda) Demonstrate Feeding on Confuciusornithids and Dromaeosaurids. PLoS ONE, 2012; 7 (8): e44012 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0044012


University of Alberta (2012, August 29). Rare find: Feathered dinosaur feasted on flying food. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 30, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2012/08/120829171943.htm


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[Geology2] Japan’s New Quake Forecast: 320,000 Could Die in Worst Case



Japan's New Quake Forecast: 320,000 Could Die in Worst Case

Agence France-Presse/Getty Images
Tosashimizu city, Kochi prefecture, located in Japan's southern island of Shikoku, would be affected if a magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurs in the Nankai trough, according to a government report released Aug. 29.

The Japanese government on Wednesday released a worst-case scenario for a massive earthquake off the country's Pacific Coast that would far surpass the impact of last year's devastating temblor.

As many as 320,000 people could be killed if a magnitude 9.0 earthquake occurs in the 460 miles of water that stretch along the lower half of the country's Pacific coastline, it said. Last year's 9.0 earthquake and tsunami in northeastern Japan claimed about 19,000 lives.

In its 195-page report, a government panel examined scenarios based on the season and time of day in which when an earthquake might strike. The most severe projection assumes the earthquake would occur on a winter night with winds of 8 meters per second.

In that case, about 82,000 deaths would be due to collapsing buildings, it said, while another 10,000 would be claimed by fires or falling debris. Around 70%, or about 230,000, would be lost to a tsunami projected to reach as tall as 34 meters (111 feet).

Forecasts issued nine years ago for an earthquake in the same region predicted 25,000 deaths and a tsunami of no higher than 20 meters (66 feet).

While the latest projections are chilling, the report does not give any details on the likelihood of such an outcome.

Indeed, the purpose of the report, like other projections issued since last year, is to assume a worst-case scenario to help municipalities with disaster preparedness.

The panel said that the death toll could be cut by 80% if residents evacuate within 10 minutes of the tsunami alert. Shock and a lack of urgency slowed evacuation procedures in the hour between the earthquake and tsunami last March.

In a reminder of last year's earthquake, residents in the tsunami-hit northeast were jolted awake early Thursday morning by a magnitude 5.6 quake.

The Japan Meteorological Agency said it was an aftershock of the historic temblor and that it will be on alert for further activity. No tsunami warning was issued.

According to JMA data, 809 aftershocks stronger than magnitude 5 have occurred since the earthquake last year. About 220 struck on March 11 of last year alone. Thursday morning's quake was the sixth to occur this month.

http://blogs.wsj.com/japanrealtime/2012/08/30/japans-new-quake-forecast-320000-could-die-in-worst-case/
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[californiadisasters] Hot Spots Pinpointed as Earthquake Trigger Points






Arrows point to 'melt welts' (left), areas where faults weaken, and scanning electron microscope closeups (top and bottom on right). (Credit: Image courtesy of University of California - San Diego)

Hot Spots Pinpointed as Earthquake Trigger Points: Small Droplets of Friction-Generated Melts Can Lead to 'Megaquakes'

ScienceDaily (Aug. 29, 2012) — Scientists at Scripps Institution of Oceanography at UC San Diego have come a step closer to deciphering some of the basic mysteries and mechanisms behind earthquakes and how average-sized earthquakes may evolve into massive earthquakes.

In a paper published in the Aug. 30 issue of the journal Nature, Scripps scientists Kevin Brown and Yuri Fialko describe new information gleaned from laboratory experiments mimicking earthquake processes. The researchers discovered how fault zones weaken in select locations shortly after a fault reaches an earthquake tipping point.

They coined such locations as "melt welts" and describe the mechanism akin to an ice skater's blade reducing friction by melting the ice surface. The mechanism may be similar to "hot spots" known in automobile brake-clutch components.

"Melt welts appear to be working as part of a complicated feedback mechanism where complex dynamic weakening processes become further concentrated into initially highly stressed regions of a fault," said Brown, first author of the study and a professor in the Geosciences Research Division at Scripps. "The process allows highly stressed areas to rapidly break down, acting like the weakest links in the chain. Even initially stable regions of a fault can experience runaway slip by this process if they are pushed at velocities above a key tipping point."

"This adds to the fundamental understanding of the earthquake process because it really addresses the question of how these ruptures become energetic and dynamic and run away for long distances," said Fialko, a paper coauthor and a professor in the Cecil H. and Ida M. Green Institute of Geophysics and Planetary Physics at Scripps.

The study's results, supported by funding from the National Science Foundation, appear to help answer a longstanding paradox in seismology. Key fault zones such as the San Andreas Fault produce far too little heat from friction compared with the size and magnitude of the earthquakes they produce. Laboratory experiments show that thermal energy normally released by friction during slip can become rapidly reduced, potentially helping to account for a "low heat flow paradox." The melt welts also may help explain certain questions in earthquake rupture dynamics such as why some slowly slipping tremor-generating events can snowball into massive earthquakes if they pass a velocity tipping point.

"This may be relevant for how you get from large earthquakes to giant earthquakes," said Brown, who used the example of last year's magnitude 9.0 earthquake off Japan. "We thought that large patches of the fault were just creeping along at a constant rate, then all of a sudden they were activated and slipped to produce a mega earthquake that produced a giant tsunami."

Fialko says the melt welt finding could eventually lead to improved "shake" maps of ground-shaking intensities, as well as improvements in structural engineering plans. Future studies include investigations about why the melt welt weakening occurs and if it applies to most or all common fault zone materials, as well as field research to locate melt welts along fault zones.

The Scripps Marine Science Development Center provided the machinery used in the study's experiments.



Story Source:

The above story is reprinted from materials provided by University of California - San Diego.

Note: Materials may be edited for content and length. For further information, please contact the source cited above.


Journal Reference:

  1. Kevin M. Brown, Yuri Fialko. 'Melt welt' mechanism of extreme weakening of gabbro at seismic slip rates. Nature, 2012; 488 (7413): 638 DOI: 10.1038/nature11370

University of California - San Diego (2012, August 29). Hot spots pinpointed as earthquake trigger points: Small droplets of friction-generated melts can lead to 'megaquakes'. ScienceDaily. Retrieved August 30, 2012, from http://www.sciencedaily.com­ /releases/2012/08/120829131625.htm


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